Brain tumors are not common in adolescents. There are two types: primary brain tumors that originate in the brain cells, and secondary brain tumors, which originate from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (eg, osteosarcoma) and spreads to the brain.
Most brain tumors in adolescents are primary. Two of the most common forms are astrocytomas and ependymomas. Astrocytomas are brain tumors that originate in the brain cells called astrocytes.
This type of tumor does not usually spread outside the brain and spinal cord, and usually does not affect other organs. Ependymomas are tumors that usually begin in the lining of the ventricles of the brain.
The brain has four ventricles, or cavities, that are a pathway for cerebrospinal fluid, a liquid substance that protects the brain and spinal cord, and absorbs shock.
No one knows exactly what causes primary brain cancer. One possibility is that a problem occurred with the cells into the brain and spinal cord.
Treatments vary depending on the type of tumor and its location. If possible remove a tumor, surgery is usually performed, followed by radiation. Some patients also receive chemotherapy.
The odds of surviving a brain tumor depend on the type, location and treatment. But if it is possible to remove the tumor and additional treatment, it is likely to cure cancer.
